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Venereal Warts

Conditions We Treat

Venereal Warts

Venereal Warts (Condylomas)
Venereal warts, also known as condylomas, are the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD). They are small lesions or “warts” that typically appear in the genital, anal, or oral areas of sexually active individuals. These warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is highly prevalent and more common than other STDs such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, or syphilis.
Evaluation of Venereal Warts
In men, venereal warts can appear as small, raised or flat growths on the penis, scrotum, groin, or anal region. In women, they may be visible on the external genital area or on the cervix. While the diagnosis may be straightforward when a visible “wart” is present, some lesions may be small and less noticeable.
To help detect HPV, a vinegar solution (acetic acid) can be applied to the genital area and examined using a magnifying lens. This can help identify characteristic white lesions associated with HPV.

HPV and Cancer Risk
It is important to identify and treat HPV infections, especially in women, because certain strains of HPV are linked to cervical cancer. If the cervix is found to be infected or showing signs of dysplasia (a condition that can be precancerous), a biopsy may be performed. Additionally, it is recommended that the male partner undergo evaluation, as HPV can be transmitted back and forth between sexual partners, a phenomenon known as the “ping-pong” effect. Using condoms can help reduce the transmission of HPV.

Treatment of Venereal Warts

The treatment of venereal warts depends on the size and location of the lesions:

  1. Medical Treatments:
    • For small warts, a topical treatment such as Condylox® (a liquid medication) may be used to eliminate the lesions.
  2. Surgical Options:
    • Larger lesions or those that do not respond to medical treatments may require more intensive procedures. These can include:
      • Surgical excision: The wart is physically removed.
      • Laser therapy: A focused laser is used to destroy the wart tissue.
      • Coagulation: A process that involves applying heat to destroy the wart.
      • Cryotherapy (Freezing): Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze and destroy the wart.

These procedures are usually done with a local anesthetic, but more extensive or multiple lesions may require general anesthesia.

Prevention and Considerations

  • Vaccination: The HPV vaccine is available and can prevent many types of HPV infections, including those that cause genital warts and certain cancers (such as cervical cancer). Vaccination is recommended for both males and females, ideally before they become sexually active.
  • Condom Use: While condoms do not provide complete protection against HPV, they can help reduce the transmission of the virus, especially during sexual activity.
  • Regular Screenings: Women should have regular Pap smears and cervical screenings to detect early signs of HPV-related changes in the cervix.

It’s important to note that while treatments can remove visible warts, the HPV infection itself may persist, and warts can reappear, making ongoing monitoring and preventive measures essential.

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